African American History

African American Soldiers In World War II Helped Pave Way for Integration of US Military


1. What change came about in 1941
1A: They set up all-black combat units, as a experiment showing that blacks were just as useful in the military as whites.
 
2. Does the term “Double V” mean?
2A: It means two victories: victory against the enemy abroad, and victory against the enemy at home.
 
3. How was the Vietnam War different from World War II?
3A: They so how much better it was when white and blacks work together.
 
4. How do you think the pressure of being the first group of trained Black pilots affected the Tuskegee Airmen? 
4A: They Basically felt as if they had to prove something.

 3 Women Red Tails Left Out

1. How did Bethune’s position as the head of the “Negro Section” of the National Youth Administration (NYA) benefit “Red Tails”?
1A: She proved a relentless advocate for black equality and lobbied President Roosevelt to resist the demands of the Southern wing of the Democratic Party, which was hell-bent on maintaining segregation, especially in the military.

2. How did Willa Beatrice Browns position benefit “Red Tails”?   
2A: Brown was one of about 100 licensed black pilots in the entire country. She also became the first African-American woman to receive a commission as a lieutenant in the U.S. Civil Air Patrol.

3. What highly controversial action did First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt do that led to integration of aviation forces ?
3A: She asked the chief flight instructor, Charles A. "Chief" Anderson, to take her on a flight, against the adamant objections of the Secret Service.

4. Why do you think these women have been left out of history? How have the “Red Tails” been perceived in history?
4A: I think because people just looked passed it but i think these women are real important. They are perceived to be the reason that there are African American pilots.


Standing Tall on Giant Shoulders: Dovey Johnson Roundtree and her Debt to Mary McLeod Bethune 

1. How did Dovey Johnson Roundtree initially meet Dr. Bethune? 
1A: Dovey Roundtree’s connection to Bethune originated in the improbable friendship that Roundtree’s grandmother.

2. Whats Dr. Bethune’s opinion of military service?
2A: That everybody no matter skin color should be able to fight and serve there country.

3. What was Dr. Bethune’s position on African American inclusion in the war versus First Lady Roosevelt’s?
3A: Dr. Bethune and Mrs. Roosevelt wrestled over the thorny issue of the timing of black female officer admission.  The Army, fearful of racial trouble, had pulled back on its original promise to allow African American women into the first officer training class, and the First Lady shared that fear.
 
4. How did Mrs. Roundtree pay Dr. Bethune back?
4A:  She served as General Counsel, pro bono, to the National Council of Negro Women, the organization Bethune founded.
 
5. What was Dr. Bethune’s overall impact on Mrs. Roundtree’s life?
5A: Being A Mentor to Mrs. Roundtree.

African American History

                                     Marcus Garvey Mini Bio Questions

1. Who are some people Marcus Garvey influenced?

1A: Malcolm X , Martin Luther King Jr. ,and Nelson Mandela 

 

2. What were some of the ideals of the U.N.I.A.?

2A: It was about Black determination and getting Blacks to know self pride. etc.

 

3. What was the Black Star Line?

3A: Used to transfer Blacks back to Africa

 

4. Why do you think Garvey would support white supremacist’s who wanted Blacks to return to 
Africa?
4A: I think that he would support it because in 1938 he supported the Greater Liberia Act witch helped Blacks get back to Africa.
                                              
                                           Harlem 1900-1940

6. In reading the intro about the “Capital of the Negro World” a.k.a. Harlem, what are some of the major similarities and differences between the Harlem and “Black Wall Street”?

6A: Well in the "Black Wall Street" the black people were really wealthy but in Harlem not so much.

 

7. (From “UNIA Parade Organized in Harlem, 1924) What was the Negro World? How were the Garvey Movement/UNIA similar to the NAACP? Please use the internet to find two quotes by Marcus Garvey and explain each. 

7A:Quote 1: "If you have no confidence in self, you are twice defeated in the race of life".This is basically saying if you dont believe in yourself you really dont have a chance. Quote 2: "With confidence, you have won before you have started". With Confidence all is posible.

 

8. From (The Silent Protest) What was the role of children in the march? What did their banners read? Why do you think children would want to be involved in the protest?

8A: Children Marched as well as Adults. Some of the banners read: "Mother, do lynchers go to heaven?" "Mr. President, why not make America safe for democracy?" "Thou shalt not kill." "Pray for the Lady Macbeths of East St. Louis." "Give us a Chance to Live."
 

9. From (Jack (John Arthur) Johnson) What was the mentioned similarity between Jack Johnson and Muhammad Ali? What does the article say the “great white hope” was? After boxing what did Johnson do in Harlem?

9A: The most obvious reason is the United States Government felt threatened by both of them and conspired to rid them from boxing regardless of what it took.
 

10. From (New York Black Yankees) What years did the New York Black Yankee’s play? Where was the team founded? How did the team seem to handle their hectic schedule (according to the article)? Although Bill “Bojangles” Robinson was a financier of the team what is he best known for? (Look it up online) 10A: They played in the Negro National League from 1936 to 1948. The team was founded in Harlem by financier James "Soldier Boy" Semler and dancer Bill "Bojangles" Robinson. I was hard to handle is because , The team's schedule could be punishing. In the 1930s they played two doubleheaders 350 miles apart on successive days. They left Pittsburgh after the first two games at about 10:00 PM to cross the Allegheny Mountains for South Orange, New Jersey. 

African American History

1.    What were the two distinctions about Greenwood that may have made its neighbors envious?
1A: That the African Americans in Greenwood have education, and Banks etc.

2.     Based on what we have learned about Africa why do you think Greenwood was nicknamed “Little Africa”?
2A: They Name it "little Africa" because the wealth of Greenwood and how they were individually successful like Africa, and had there own business and oil.

3.     Although we have not learned about Wall Street why do you think Greenwood was called “Black Wall Street?” Is there another place today in the United States that could possibly be nicknamed “Black Wall Street?”
3A: Because of the Black Business men and that it was so successful. Yes really there are a lot of illegal "Black Wall Street".

4.     How did the National Guard respond to the massacre?
4A: They came in with there uniforms and weapons and turn against the Community of Greenwood and help the rioters .

5.     How did the interviewees remember the Greenwood community before the massacre?
5A: They Basically were talking about how nice it was and how there were black owned businesses  everywhere.

 

      6.   What was the name of the man who “assaulted” the white woman? How does this lynching compare to the others we have read about? 
      6A: Dick Rollan. They difference is they basically Lynched a whole entire Community.

 

      7.   What did the interviewees remember the actual day of the massacre?
      7A: Just how Horrible it was they said felt like a bad Dream they just remembered flame and how there was really no building standing.

   

8.     What do you think it took so many years to “uncover” Rosewood?

8A: I think because It was hard to recover accurate information on what really happened.

 

9.   How did Ms. Minnie Lee remember the Rosewood Massacre?

9A: She just talk about how bad it was that they burned down the house she was in and how she had to hide in the woods in swamp to stay safe. 

 

     10.   What incident caused the massacre?

     10A: They accused a Black man of raping are harming a white lady

 

     11.    According to Mr. Fred Kirklin how many man joined the mob? What did they do to those running out of houses?

     11A: About 1500 people. They shot every person who ran out the houses they were burning down.

 

    12.   How was John Wright remembered? Who was he?

    12A: John Wright was a White man out of a few that lived in Rosewood. John Wright Was the reason why most of the rosewood people were able to survive and escape.

 

    13.  Why do you think Ms. Minnie Lee never told her family about Rosewood?

    13A: I think because that story kind of hunted her and she didn't really want to talk about it at the time and didn't want her family to know she suffered and was running for her life.

    14.   How did the Greenwood community respond to the massacre? How do you think they were able to find the strength to move forward?

    14A: They responded by rebuilding and reconstructing the community from the start not letting the negative thing that happened stop them.